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HP Aruba Certified Network Security Associate Exam Sample Questions (Q97-Q102):
NEW QUESTION # 97
You have configured a WLAN to use Enterprise security with the WPA3 version.
How does the WLAN handle encryption?
- A. Traffic is encrypted with AES and keys derived from a PMK shared by all clients on the WLAN.
- B. Traffic is encrypted with AES and keys derived from a unique PMK per client.
- C. Traffic is encrypted with TKIP and keys derived from a PMK shared by all clients on the WLAN.
- D. Traffic is encrypted with TKIP and keys derived from a unique PMK per client.
Answer: B
Explanation:
WPA3-Enterprise is a security protocol introduced to enhance the security of wireless networks, particularly in enterprise environments. It builds on the foundation of WPA2 but introduces stronger encryption and key management practices. In WPA3-Enterprise, authentication is typically performed using 802.1X, and encryption is handled using the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).
WPA3-Enterprise Encryption: WPA3-Enterprise uses AES with the Galois/Counter Mode Protocol (GCMP) or Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol (CCMP), both of which are AES-based encryption methods. WPA3 does not use TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol), which is a legacy encryption method used in WPA and early WPA2 deployments and is considered insecure.
Pairwise Master Key (PMK): In WPA3-Enterprise, the PMK is derived during the 802.1X authentication process (e.g., via EAP-TLS or EAP-TTLS). Each client authenticates individually with the authentication server (e.g., ClearPass), resulting in a unique PMK for each client. This PMK is then used to derive session keys (Pairwise Transient Keys, PTKs) for encrypting the client's traffic, ensuring that each client's traffic is encrypted with unique keys.
Option A, "Traffic is encrypted with TKIP and keys derived from a PMK shared by all clients on the WLAN," is incorrect because WPA3 does not use TKIP (it uses AES), and the PMK is not shared among clients in WPA3-Enterprise; each client has a unique PMK.
Option B, "Traffic is encrypted with TKIP and keys derived from a unique PMK per client," is incorrect because WPA3 does not use TKIP; it uses AES.
Option C, "Traffic is encrypted with AES and keys derived from a PMK shared by all clients on the WLAN," is incorrect because, in WPA3-Enterprise, the PMK is unique per client, not shared.
Option D, "Traffic is encrypted with AES and keys derived from a unique PMK per client," is correct. WPA3-Enterprise uses AES for encryption, and each client derives a unique PMK during 802.1X authentication, which is used to generate unique session keys for encryption.
The HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide states:
"WPA3-Enterprise enhances security by using AES encryption with GCMP or CCMP. In WPA3-Enterprise mode, each client authenticates via 802.1X, resulting in a unique Pairwise Master Key (PMK) for each client. The PMK is used to derive session keys (Pairwise Transient Keys, PTKs) that encrypt the client's traffic with AES, ensuring that each client's traffic is protected with unique keys. WPA3 does not support TKIP, which is a legacy encryption method." (Page 285, WPA3-Enterprise Security Section) Additionally, the HPE Aruba Networking Wireless Security Guide notes:
"WPA3-Enterprise requires 802.1X authentication, which generates a unique PMK for each client. This PMK is used to derive AES-based session keys, providing individualized encryption for each client's traffic and eliminating the risks associated with shared keys." (Page 32, WPA3 Security Features Section)
:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide, WPA3-Enterprise Security Section, Page 285.
HPE Aruba Networking Wireless Security Guide, WPA3 Security Features Section, Page 32.
NEW QUESTION # 98
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the settings on the company's MCs.
You have deployed about 100 new HPE Aruba Networking 335 APs. What is required for the APs to become managed?
- A. Approving the APs as authorized APs on the AP whitelist
- B. Configuring a PAPI key that matches on the APs and MCs
- C. Installing CA-signed certificates on the APs
- D. Installing self-signed certificates on the APs
Answer: A
Explanation:
The scenario involves an AOS-8 Mobility Controller (MC) with Control Plane Security (CPSec) enabled and auto certificate provisioning disabled. CPSec is a feature that secures the control plane communication between the MC and APs using certificates. When CPSec is enabled, APs must be authorized and trusted by the MC to become managed.
CPSec Enabled, Auto Cert Provisioning Disabled: When CPSec is enabled, APs must have a valid certificate to establish a secure control plane connection with the MC. If auto certificate provisioning is disabled (as shown in the exhibit), the MC does not automatically provision certificates to the APs. Instead, the APs must already have a factory-installed certificate (or a manually installed certificate), and the MC must trust the AP's certificate by having the issuing CA in its trust list. Additionally, the AP must be on the MC's AP whitelist to be authorized.
AP Whitelist: The AP whitelist is a list of authorized APs maintained on the MC (or Mobility Master, MM, if present). For an AP to become managed, its MAC address must be in the whitelist, especially when CPSec is enabled and auto provisioning is disabled. This ensures that only authorized APs can connect to the MC.
Option A, "Installing CA-signed certificates on the APs," is incorrect because HPE Aruba Networking APs, such as the 335 series, come with factory-installed certificates signed by Aruba's CA. These certificates are sufficient for CPSec, provided the MC trusts the Aruba CA (which is typically preconfigured). Manually installing CA-signed certificates is not required unless the factory certificates are not used or trusted.
Option B, "Approving the APs as authorized APs on the AP whitelist," is correct. With CPSec enabled and auto cert provisioning disabled, the APs must be explicitly authorized by adding their MAC addresses to the AP whitelist on the MC. This step ensures that the MC accepts the AP's certificate and allows it to become managed.
Option C, "Installing self-signed certificates on the APs," is incorrect because self-signed certificates are not typically used for CPSec. APs use factory-installed certificates, and the MC must trust the issuing CA. Self-signed certificates would require manual trust configuration on the MC, which is not a standard practice.
Option D, "Configuring a PAPI key that matches on the APs and MCs," is incorrect. PAPI (Protocol for AP Provisioning and Information) keys are used for securing communication between APs and the MC in non-CPSec environments or for specific configurations (e.g., when CPSec is disabled). When CPSec is enabled, certificate-based authentication replaces the need for a PAPI key.
The HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide states:
"When Control Plane Security (CPSec) is enabled and auto certificate provisioning is disabled, APs must be authorized by adding their MAC addresses to the AP whitelist on the Mobility Controller (or Mobility Master). The AP uses its factory-installed certificate to establish a secure control plane connection with the MC. The MC must trust the CA that issued the AP's certificate (e.g., Aruba's CA), and the AP must be in the whitelist to become managed. To add an AP to the whitelist, navigate to Configuration > Access Points > AP Whitelist in the MC UI and add the AP's MAC address." (Page 395, CPSec Configuration Section) Additionally, the HPE Aruba Networking CPSec Deployment Guide notes:
"If auto cert provisioning is disabled, the AP whitelist becomes mandatory for CPSec. Each AP must be explicitly approved by adding its MAC address to the whitelist, ensuring that only authorized APs can connect to the MC. The AP's factory certificate is used for authentication, and no manual certificate installation is required on the AP." (Page 12, CPSec with Manual Provisioning Section)
:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide, CPSec Configuration Section, Page 395.
HPE Aruba Networking CPSec Deployment Guide, CPSec with Manual Provisioning Section, Page 12.
NEW QUESTION # 99
What is a difference between passive and active endpoint classification?
- A. Passive classification refers exclusively to MAC OUI-based classification, while active classification refers to any other classification method.
- B. Passive classification is only suitable for profiling endpoints in small business environments, while enterprises should use active classification exclusively.
- C. Passive classification analyzes traffic that endpoints send as part of their normal functions; active classification involves sending requests to endpoints.
- D. Passive classification classifies endpoints based on entries in dictionaries, while active classification uses admin-defined rules to classify endpoints.
Answer: C
Explanation:
HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager (CPPM) uses endpoint classification (profiling) to identify and categorize devices on the network, enabling policy enforcement based on device type, OS, or other attributes. CPPM supports two primary profiling methods: passive and active classification.
Passive Classification: This method involves observing network traffic that endpoints send as part of their normal operation, without CPPM sending any requests to the device. Examples include DHCP fingerprinting (analyzing DHCP Option 55), HTTP User-Agent string analysis, and TCP fingerprinting (analyzing TTL and window size). Passive classification is non-intrusive and does not generate additional network traffic.
Active Classification: This method involves CPPM sending requests to the endpoint to gather information. Examples include SNMP scans (to query device details), WMI scans (for Windows devices), and SSH scans (to gather system information). Active classification is more intrusive and may require credentials or network access to the device.
Option A, "Passive classification refers exclusively to MAC OUI-based classification, while active classification refers to any other classification method," is incorrect. Passive classification includes more than just MAC OUI-based classification (e.g., DHCP fingerprinting, TCP fingerprinting). MAC OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier) analysis is one passive method, but not the only one. Active classification specifically involves sending requests, not just "any other method." Option B, "Passive classification classifies endpoints based on entries in dictionaries, while active classification uses admin-defined rules to classify endpoints," is incorrect. Both passive and active classification use CPPM's fingerprint database (not "dictionaries") to match device attributes. Admin-defined rules are used for policy enforcement, not classification, and apply to both methods.
Option C, "Passive classification is only suitable for profiling endpoints in small business environments, while enterprises should use active classification exclusively," is incorrect. Passive classification is widely used in enterprises because it is non-intrusive and scalable. Active classification is often used in conjunction with passive methods to gather more detailed information, but enterprises do not use it exclusively.
Option D, "Passive classification analyzes traffic that endpoints send as part of their normal functions; active classification involves sending requests to endpoints," is correct. This accurately describes the fundamental difference between the two methods: passive classification observes existing traffic, while active classification actively queries the device.
The HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager 6.11 User Guide states:
"Passive classification analyzes traffic that endpoints send as part of their normal functions, such as DHCP requests, HTTP traffic, or TCP packets, without ClearPass sending any requests to the device. Examples include DHCP fingerprinting and TCP fingerprinting. Active classification involves ClearPass sending requests to the endpoint to gather information, such as SNMP scans, WMI scans, or SSH scans, which may require credentials or network access." (Page 246, Passive vs. Active Profiling Section) Additionally, the ClearPass Device Insight Data Sheet notes:
"Passive classification observes network traffic generated by endpoints during normal operation, such as DHCP or HTTP traffic, to identify devices without generating additional traffic. Active classification, in contrast, sends requests to endpoints (e.g., SNMP or WMI scans) to gather detailed information, which can be more intrusive but provides deeper insights." (Page 3, Profiling Methods Section)
:
HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager 6.11 User Guide, Passive vs. Active Profiling Section, Page 246.
ClearPass Device Insight Data Sheet, Profiling Methods Section, Page 3.
NEW QUESTION # 100
What is a guideline for creating certificate signing requests (CSRs) and deploying server Certificates on ArubaOS Mobility Controllers (MCs)?
- A. Generate the private key online, but the public key and CSR offline, to install the same certificate on multiple MCs.
- B. Create the CSR online using the MC Web Ul if your company requires you to archive the private key.
- C. if you create the CSR and public/private Keypair offline, create a matching private key online on the MC.
- D. Create the CSR and public/private keypair offline If you want to install the same certificate on multiple MCs.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Creating the Certificate Signing Request (CSR) and the public/private keypair offline is recommended when deploying server certificates on multiple ArubaOS Mobility Controllers (MCs). This method enhances security by minimizing the exposure of private keys. By creating and handling these components offline, administrators can maintain better control over the keys and ensure their security before deploying them across multiple devices. This approach also simplifies the management of certificates on multiple controllers, as the same certificate can be installed more securely and efficiently.References:
ArubaOS documentation on CSR creation and certificate management.
NEW QUESTION # 101
Why might devices use a Diffie-Hellman exchange?
- A. to prove knowledge of a passphrase without transmitting the passphrase
- B. to agree on a shared secret in a secure manner over an insecure network
- C. to signal that they want to use asymmetric encryption for future communications
- D. to obtain a digital certificate signed by a trusted Certification Authority
Answer: B
Explanation:
Devices use the Diffie-Hellman exchange to agree on a shared secret in a secure manner over an insecure network. The main purpose of this cryptographic protocol is to enable two parties to establish a shared secret over an unsecured communication channel. This shared secret can then be used to encrypt subsequent communications using a symmetric key cipher. The Diffie-Hellman exchange is particularly valuable because it allows the secure exchange of cryptographic keys over a public channel without the need for a prior shared secret. This protocol is a foundational element for many secure communications protocols, including SSL/TLS, which is used to secure connections on the internet. References to the Diffie-Hellman protocol and its uses can be found in standard cryptographic textbooks and documentation such as those from the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and security protocol specifications.
NEW QUESTION # 102
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